Project Partners: Practical Action Nepal, Municipal Association of Nepal, EU, UN-HABITAT, local governments. 

Project Location:
Seven Municipalities: Bharatpur, Ratnanagar, Butwal, Ramgram, Siddharthanagar, Gularia, Tikapur
Three Small Towns: Kawasoti, Bardaghat, Sunwal

Duration: January 2009 - December 2012

Urban population in Nepal is expanding rapidly, placing enormous pressure on urban basic services like shelter, safe drinking water and sanitation, drainage and sewerage, transportation and waste management. Environmental health risks from unsafe drinking water, poor hygiene behaviour, lack of sanitation and prolong exposure to indoor air pollution (IAP) in poorly ventilated kitchens is very high in Nepal. This situation is deteriorating with rapid and haphazard urbanisation as urban poor are often forced to live in very crowded and unhygienic settlements. Municipal authorities who have limited resources are struggling to meet the increasing demands for environmental health services - water, sanitation and household (HH) energy.  In this context, ENPHO together with Practical Action Nepal and MuAN, is implementing SWASHHA in seven municipalities and three small towns in central, western and far western Nepal to assist municipalities and small towns address the environmental health risks at the household and community level. Click here to download Project Brochure in PDF(484 KB)   

More Information available at:
www.practicalaction.org/nepal

Chapagaun, also known as Champapur, is a peri-urban settlement of Lalitpur District located 7 km south from Satdobato Ringroad. Chapagaun consists of three dense traditional Newar settlements named Bulu, Pyang and Wadey. According to the 2001 census, the total population of Chapagaun is 12,448. Chapagaun is famous for the historical temple of Bajrabarahi and Pyang is famous for “Pyang”, a measuring pot made up of Bamboo.

Due to lack of education and awareness, the sanitation situation in Chapagaun is very poor. About 80 percent of the households do not have toilets and most people use open pits behind their houses for defecation. Similarly other essential infrastructure such as drains and pavements are also in poor condition. Solid waste management and status of public toilets are in a very poor condition, especially in wards 1 and 3. Traditional water sources and other public stand posts of Chapagaun Village Development Committee (VDC) are also awaiting improvements.

Recently ENPHO, in partnership with Water Aid Nepal and active support of Champapur Environmental Sanitation Users Committee, has launched Sanitation Improvement Program at Chapagaun. The committee, which is headed by a local woman, comprises of local people and VDC representatives. An advisory committee of six members has also been formed including local leaders.

The ongoing program in Chapagaun aims to implement the following activities:

• Increase sanitation coverage through construction of toilets (EcoSan and Sulav toilets).
• Improve various water sources like stone spouts, public stand posts, and ponds.
• Rehabilitate and construct drainage systems and pavements to improve environmental sanitation.
• Promote grey water management through construction of household soak pits.
• Improve household based solid waste management.
• Raise public awareness and build local capacity on hygiene, sanitation and other pertinent issues.

Updates: September 2007

Community involvement and participation in the village is really admirable. Brick paving works has already been completed and almost 80 percent drainage work has been completed. ENPHO has already started demand collection for toilet construction. Various trainings have been conducted for local volunteers on community led total sanitation and solid waste management along with the formation of four Community Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) groups at ward 1, 3 and Pyang VDC. ENPHO has also taken the local people, users’ committee members, advisors and VDC Secretary for a visit to Karki Danda, Dhading and Siddhipur to witness and learn from various water and sanitation practices implemented by ENPHO.

ENPHO, in coordination with Kirtipur Municipality and local communities, is implementing health, hygiene and sanitation improvement programme in two clusters Adinath Mandir, Ward 14 and Lanagole Tole, Ward 15 of Kirtipur. The environmental sanitation situation in these areas is very poor and open defecation is rampant indicating lack of health and hygiene practice in the community. The overall goal of this project is to achieve total sanitation in these clusters and improve living standards of the people.

Updates: September 2007

ENPHO, in association with Kirtipur Municipality, has launched Kirtipur Environmental Sanitation Improvement Program at Lanagol and Chovar areas of Kirtipur. ENPHO has been mobilizing Mahila Jagriti Samaj, Chovar and Shrijansil Mahila, Lanagol as user committees. ENPHO has facilitated the formation of Community Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) committees in Kirtipur and the CLTS committees have started their work by organizing a clean up campaign in the community. In some places solid waste dumped for years were removed and this activity was applauded by the locals. A two-day TOT on Solid waste management and Point of Use Drinking Water Treatment Options was conducted from September 3-4 in Kirtipur. ENPHO has started the construction of Ecosan and Sulav toilets in Kirtipur.

Siddhipur is a traditional Newar settlement located approximately 6 km south-east of Kathmandu. It has a population of 6046 in 1308 households. Water and sanitation was a serious problem as the community relied on 52 public stand posts that supplied untreated water from the Godavari River and most households did not have access to proper sanitation. Under UN-HABITAT’s Water for Asian Cities Programme in Nepal, ENPHO assisted the Siddhipur Water and Sanitation Committee in implementing an integrated community-based water and sanitation programme. Besides UN-HABITAT, Water Aid Nepal is also providing partial support for construction of a slow sand filter for water treatment. This project was designed as a fast track project to demonstrate how communities can work together to establish a pro-poor, environment friendly and sustainable water and sanitation system.

The main components of this project were as follows:

A. Socio-Economic & Technical Assessment

• Community Mobilization
• Participatory Planning
• Socio Economic Survey
• Poverty Mapping
• Gender Assessment
• Initial Environmental Examination
• Sanitation Survey
• Engineering Design and Estimation

B. Water Supply

• Construction of new water supply intake
• 3.3 km long transmission
• Water Treatment Plant with tube settler, rapid sand filter and chlorination unit
• 9.5 km Distribution Network
• Rehabilitation of traditional water sources such as ponds and wells
• Establishment of O & M system of the water supply
  

C. Sanitation

• Increase in sanitation coverage through promotion of on-site systems such as ecosan and toilets with septic tanks
• Introduction of communal septic tanks
• Construction and rehabilitation of drainage network
• Introduction of faecal sludge management system
• Community education & awareness on water, sanitation and hygiene

D. Solid Waste Management (SWM)

• Mobilize local women’s SWM Committee
• Assessment of current situation of SWM
• Training on household level waste management
• Introduction of improved household composting systems
• Encourage people to improve traditional “Saaga” & “Nauga”
• Plastic collection and recycling system

E. Capacity Building Activities and Awareness

• Operation of Water Supply and Sanitation System
• Setting of pro poor water tariff
• Exposure visit and trainings
• School and community WATSAN education
• Community awareness programme

More information is available under
www.unhabitat.org
www.irc.nl